What is White Spot Disease?
White spot disease, also commonly known as “Ich,” is a parasitic infection. It is caused by a microscopic parasite that attaches itself to a fish’s skin, fins, and gills. The parasites create visible symptoms on the fish’s body in the form of small white spots.

What Are the Symptoms?

• Small white specks the size of salt grains on the fish’s body and fins

• Fish staying near the water surface or lying motionless at the bottom

• Rubbing against decorations, rocks, or aquarium glass

• Rapid breathing and increased gill movement

• Loss of appetite and lethargy

Causes of the Disease

• Sudden changes in water temperature

• Introducing new fish into the aquarium without quarantine

• Poor or contaminated water quality

• Overcrowded aquariums

• Inadequate filtration and low oxygen levels

Prevention Methods

• Always quarantine new fish: Keep new fish in a separate quarantine tank for at least 10–14 days for observation.

• Maintain stable water temperature: Avoid sudden fluctuations. For tropical fish, the ideal range is usually 24–28°C.

• Perform regular water changes: Weekly water changes help prevent the buildup of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate.

• Don’t neglect the filtration system: Clean, well-functioning filters that provide enough oxygen help stop the spread of parasites.

• Ensure balanced feeding: Choose high-quality food to keep the fish’s immune system strong.

Early Intervention Saves Lives
If a fish with white spot disease is detected, quick action must be taken to prevent it from spreading. Raising the water temperature to 28–30°C often speeds up the parasite’s life cycle, making treatment easier. Treatments with methylene blue or formalin-based medications can be effective. During treatment, carbon filters should be removed, as they can neutralize medications.

Conclusion
White spot disease is a common and serious issue that every aquarist may encounter. However, with proper care, careful observation, and preventive measures, it is possible to avoid this disease. Remember, a healthy aquarium is not only a visual delight but also a safe living environment for the fish inside.