1. Symptoms of Allergies

• Constant itching, especially around the ears, paws, belly, and back

• Redness, rashes, wounds, or scabs on the skin

• Ear infections and bad odor

• Watery eyes and redness

• Frequent licking or biting of the paws

• Sneezing, runny nose, or difficulty breathing

• Digestive issues such as vomiting or diarrhea

The symptoms can range from mild to severe and may change over time. Some allergies are seasonal, while others persist throughout the year.

1. Causes of Allergies

Allergies can arise from genetic predisposition, but they may also be triggered by environmental or dietary factors.

• Food allergies: Common protein sources (such as chicken, beef, and dairy) and certain grains may cause allergic reactions.

• Environmental allergens: Pollen, dust mites, mold spores, grass, and trees.

• Contact allergies: Triggered by exposure to substances such as shampoos, cleaning products, plastic bowls, or carpets.

• Flea allergy dermatitis: An exaggerated immune response to flea bites, leading to severe itching and skin lesions.

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1. Types of Allergies

• Food allergy: Presents with digestive problems and skin reactions. An elimination diet is used for accurate diagnosis.

• Atopic dermatitis: A chronic, itchy skin disease caused by environmental allergens.

• Contact dermatitis: Local skin reactions that occur after contact with specific substances.

• Flea allergy: Even a single bite can cause intense itching, often around the tail and lower back area.

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1. Diagnostic Methods

• Thorough veterinary examination

• Elimination diet (removing suspected foods one at a time)

• Blood tests (measuring IgE levels)

• Skin tests (intradermal testing to identify specific allergens)

• Fecal and blood tests to rule out parasites or infections

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1. Treatment and Management Methods

• Avoiding allergens: The most effective approach is identifying and eliminating the allergen from the dog’s life.

• Medical treatment: Antihistamines, corticosteroids, and immune modulators help reduce symptoms.

• Immunotherapy (allergy shots): A long-term treatment that gradually desensitizes the immune system to allergens.

• Skin care: Medicated shampoos and moisturizers soothe the skin and reduce infection risks.

• Omega-3 supplements: Support the skin barrier and may reduce itching.

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1. Prevention and Lifestyle Tips

• Regular bathing and brushing can reduce allergen buildup on the skin.

• Choose dog food carefully and avoid known allergens.

• Use air filters and maintain dust control in the home.

• Don’t skip regular external parasite treatments for flea prevention.

1. Conclusion

Allergies in dogs can significantly affect their quality of life, but with accurate diagnosis and effective management, the problem can largely be kept under control. If your dog experiences recurring skin or digestive issues, allergies should be considered a possible cause, and professional veterinary support should be sought.